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Welcome to AspiePedia

AspiePedia is an encyclopedia devoted to the study of historical figures through the lens of autistic or Asperger (Aspie) cognition. It is inspired by the work of Dr. Michael Fitzgerald, who diagnosed thousands of autistic individuals as a clinical psychiatrist in Ireland and who has published dozens of books and hundreds of papers meticulously describing the autistic traits of deceased geniuses throughout history. One of its objectives is to systematize Fitzgerald's work in a Wikipedia-type format to quickly and easily find biographical information about these figures as relates to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), along with the evidence supporting the diagnoses.

Fitzgerald himself has used straightforward language to diagnose these individuals, as shown by this quote from his book Genius Genes: "There is little doubt that [Isaac] Newton showed high-functioning autism/Asperger Syndrome." AspiePedia will thus not shy away from this type of diagnosis, even though the topic is considered "controversial". Since Wikipedia and other encyclopedias have neglected or refused to point to the autistic traits of these figures, AspiePedia aims to challenge that neurotypical bias and explicitly describe individuals who exhibit those traits as autistic or "Aspie".

Why “AspiePedia”?

The term “Aspie” is retained as a cultural and cognitive shorthand for a recognizable style associated with certain traits, such as: intense specialization, unusual perceptual focus, system-building behavior, and atypical social cognition. Although DSM-5 absorbed Asperger syndrome into the broader autism spectrum, many of the cognitive patterns historically associated with Asperger profiles remain analytically useful.

The Sinclair Principle

A foundational influence on this project is Jim Sinclair’s observation:

“Autism is a way of being. It is pervasive; it colors every experience, every sensation, perception, thought, emotion, and encounter, every aspect of existence.”

AspiePedia takes this insight seriously. When autistic cognition is genuinely present, it often manifests recursively across multiple domains of life and work. The project therefore studies not isolated traits, but coherent cognitive architectures.

From Retrospective Diagnosis to Cognitive Historiography

AspiePedia recognizes the major criticisms of retrospective diagnosis: anachronism, confirmation bias, diagnostic inflation, and reductionism. It does not treat autism as a universal explanation for genius or eccentricity.

At the same time, the project rejects the assumption that neurodevelopmental structures leave no detectable historical traces. Different minds produce different symbolic systems, philosophies, artistic styles, and forms of reasoning. AspiePedia investigates whether certain recurring cognitive signatures appear disproportionately in particular forms of creativity, abstraction, and historical behavior.

In this sense, AspiePedia functions not only as a catalogue of “famous autistic people” but also as an experiment in cognitive historiography.

Structure of Each Entry

Each entry combines:

- biographical reconstruction,

- textual analysis,

- cognitive pattern analysis,

- historical context, and

- diagnostic evaluation.

Whenever possible, conclusions are grounded in letters, diaries, eyewitness accounts, autobiographical statements, and recurring behavioral patterns. The project emphasizes structure over hero worship and avoids both romanticization and pathologization.

Why AspiePedia Exists

AspiePedia exists because intellectual history is often written as though cognition were uniform. It is not.

Different cognitive architectures produce different relationships to abstraction, symbolism, morality, social life, repetition, and perception. The project asks what history looks like when those differences are taken seriously.

AspiePedia is therefore not simply about autism. It is about the relationship between mind and civilization.

Alphabetical List of Aspies (Michael Fitzgerald analysis)

Consult the User's Guide for information on using the wiki software.